sciencefairadventure
Physics Project

Spectrum through Water

To create a spectrum using a beam of light passing through water

Spectrum through Water  experiment setup

Theory & Background

Have you ever noticed how light behaves in different situations? A glass simple prism can be used to split a beam of white light into its component colors. The process due to which white light splits into component colors is called dispersion.

Required Materials

  • Shallow bowl
  • Water
  • Mirror
  • Torch

Estimated Time

Less than 5 minutes

Step-By-Step Procedure

1

Fill a shallow bowl with water

2

Place a mirror in this shallow bowl containing water so that it is at an angle of about 30 degrees to the surface of the water

3

Make the room dark (switch off lights / cover windows with dark cloth or paper)

4

Shine the torch on the mirror

Experiment Tips

  • The angle at which the mirror is placed is crucial to the formation of the spectrum on the ceiling.

Observation

When a beam of light from the torch is shone on the mirror immersed in water, a small spectrum of rainbow colors appears on the ceiling.

Result & Conclusion

The experiment proves that white light is composed of different colors of the spectrum, each possessing different wave lengths. Each water molecule acts as a simple prism causing the refraction of each wave length of light at a different angles ultimately leading to the formation of the colors of the spectrum on the surface on which the reflected beam of light falls.

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